軸承的滑膩是為了使軸承能夠或者或者變態(tài)地運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，防止?jié)L道與遷移轉(zhuǎn)變體表面的直接接觸，減少軸承內(nèi)部的摩擦和磨損，延長(zhǎng)軸承的利用壽命，增強(qiáng)軸承的性能，同時(shí)也能防止因異物侵入軸承內(nèi)部而導(dǎo)致生銹和墮落。

 

　　The greasy bearing is to make the bearing can or abnormal operation, prevent the raceway and the transfer of the surface of the direct contact, reduce friction and wear within the bearing, prolong the service life of the bearing, enhance the performance of the bearing, but also to prevent foreign bodies into the bearing caused by rust and degeneration.

　　軸承的11種滑膩辦法有(There are 11 ways to smooth the bearing.)：

 

　　1.手動(dòng)滑膩（manual lubrication）

 

　　這是最原始的辦法，在軸承的滑膩油不足的情況下，用加油器供油。但是這種辦法難以保持油量一定，因疏忽忘記加油的危險(xiǎn)較大，常日只用于輕載、低速或間歇運(yùn)動(dòng)的場(chǎng)合，最好把持的時(shí)候，在加油孔上設(shè)置防塵蓋或球閥，并用毛氈、棉、毛等作過濾裝置。

 

　　This is the most primitive way. Under the condition that the lubricating oil of the bearing is not enough, use the oiler to supply oil. But this method is difficult to maintain a certain amount of oil, because negligence to forget the greater danger of refueling, often used only in light-duty, low-speed or intermittent movement occasions, it is best to control the time, in the refueling hole set up dust cover or ball valve, and felt, cotton, wool and other filters.

 

　　2.滴點(diǎn)滑膩（drops of dots）

 

　　常日用于圓周速度小于4——5m/s的輕載和中載軸承，從容器經(jīng)孔、針、閥等供給約略為定量的滑膩油，最經(jīng)典的是滴油油杯，滴油量隨滑膩油粘度、軸承間隙和供油孔位置不同有顯著變革。

 

　　Usually used for light and medium load bearings with circumferential velocity less than 4-5m/s, slightly quantitative greasy oil is supplied from the container through the hole, needle, valve, etc. The most classic is the oil drop cup. The amount of oil dropping varies significantly with the viscosity of the greasy oil, bearing clearance and the position of the oil supply hole.

 

　　3.油環(huán)滑膩（oil ring is smooth）

 

　　靠掛在軸上并能旋轉(zhuǎn)的環(huán)將油池的滑膩油帶到軸承中（僅能用于臥軸的滑膩辦法），適用于軸徑大于50mm的中速和高速軸承，油環(huán)最好是無縫的，軸承寬徑比小于2時(shí)，可只用一個(gè)油環(huán)，否則需用兩個(gè)油環(huán)。

 

　　The greasy oil in the oil pool is carried into the bearing by a ring which can be hung on the shaft and rotated (only for the slippery method of the horizontal shaft). It is suitable for medium-speed and high-speed bearings with shaft diameters greater than 50 mm. The oil ring should be seamless. When the width-diameter ratio of the bearing is less than 2, only one oil ring can be used, otherwise two oil rings are needed.

 

　　4.油繩滑膩（oil cord is smooth）

 

　　依靠油繩的毛細(xì)管和虹吸浸染將油杯中的滑膩油引到軸承中，緊張用于圓周速度小于4——5m/s的輕載和中載軸承，其余油繩在全體過程中能起到過濾的浸染。

 

　　The greasy oil in the oil cup is introduced into the bearing by the capillary and siphon immersion of the oil rope, which is used for light and medium load bearings with circumferential velocity less than 4-5m/s. The rest of the oil rope can act as filter immersion in the whole process.

 

　　5.油墊滑膩（oil pad is smooth）

 

　　利用油墊的毛細(xì)管浸染，將油池中的滑膩油涂到軸徑表面，此辦法能使摩擦表面經(jīng)常保持干凈，但塵土也會(huì)窒息毛細(xì)孔組成供油不足。油墊滑膩的供油量常日只需油滑膩的1/20。

 

　　The greasy oil in the oil pool is coated on the surface of the shaft diameter by capillary immersion of the oil pad. This method can keep the friction surface clean, but the dust can also asphyxiate the capillary pores to form an insufficient oil supply. The greasy oil supply of the oil cushion often needs only 1/20 of oil and greasy.

 

　　6.油浴滑膩（oil bath is smooth）

 

　　這種滑膩辦法是將軸承的一部分浸入滑膩油中，常用于豎軸的推力軸承，而不宜用于臥軸的徑向軸承。

 

　　This greasy method is to immerse a part of the bearing in greasy oil, often used in the thrust bearing of the vertical shaft, but not suitable for the radial bearing of the horizontal shaft.

 

　　7.飛濺滑膩（splashing and smooth）

 

　　依靠油箱中旋轉(zhuǎn)件的拍擊而飛濺起來的滑膩油供給軸承，適用于較高速度的軸承。

 

　　The greasy oil splashed by the beating of the rotating parts in the oil tank is used for the bearings with higher speed.

 

　　8.噴霧滑膩（spray and smooth）

 

　　將滑膩油霧化今后噴在摩擦表面的滑膩辦法，適用于高速軸承。

 

　　The greasy oil atomization method will be applied to high speed bearings in the future.

 

　　9.壓力供油滑膩（pressure oil lubrication）

 

　　靠滑膩泵的壓力向軸承供油，將從軸承流出的滑膩油回收到油池以便循環(huán)利用，是供油量至少且最穩(wěn)定的滑膩辦法，適用于高速、重載、緊張的滑動(dòng)軸承。

 

　　The greasy oil is supplied to the bearing by the pressure of the greasy pump, and the greasy oil from the bearing is recovered to the oil pool for recycling. It is the greasy method with the least oil supply and the most stable. It is suitable for high speed, heavy load and tight sliding bearings.

 

　　10.循環(huán)油滑膩（circulating oil is smooth）

 

　　用油泵將過濾的油輸送到軸承部件中，顛末過程軸承后的滑膩油再過濾冷卻后利用。由于循環(huán)油可帶走一定的熱量，使軸承降溫，故此法適用于轉(zhuǎn)速較高的軸承部件。

 

　　The filtered oil is transported to the bearing parts by the oil pump, and the greasy oil after the bearing is filtered and cooled before being used. Because the circulating oil can take away a certain amount of heat, so that the bearing cooling, so this method is suitable for high speed bearing parts.

 

　　11.噴射滑膩（jet smooth）

 

　　用油泵將高壓油經(jīng)噴嘴射到軸承中，射入軸承中的油經(jīng)軸承另一端流入油槽。當(dāng)軸承高速旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，遷移轉(zhuǎn)變體和保持架也以相當(dāng)高的旋轉(zhuǎn)速度使周圍氣氛組成氣流，用異常平凡滑膩辦法很難將滑膩油送到軸承中，這時(shí)必須用高壓噴射的辦法將滑膩油噴至軸承中，噴嘴的位置應(yīng)放在內(nèi)圈和保持架中央之間。

 

　　The high pressure oil is injected into the bearing by the oil pump through the nozzle, and the oil injected into the bearing flows into the oil groove through the other end of the bearing. When the bearing rotates at high speed, the transfer transformer and cage also make the ambient atmosphere air flow with high rotating speed. It is difficult to deliver the greasy oil to the bearing by unusually ordinary and slippery method. In this case, the greasy oil must be injected into the bearing by means of high pressure injection, and the position of the nozzle should be placed between the inner ring and the center of the cage.